Kangangamashumi eminyaka, intsimbi engagqwaliyo ibithathwa njengenye yezona zinto zoshishino ezihlala ixesha elide nezimelana nokugqwala. Ilawula amashishini afana nokulungiswa kokutya, ukwenziwa kweemoto, i-aerospace, izixhobo zonyango, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa, kunye nokuveliswa ngokuchanekileyo. Sekunjalo kukho impikiswano enye efunyanwa ziifektri ezininzi emva kwexesha:

Intsimbi engatyiwayo ayilungiswanga.

Ukushisela i-oxidation, umbala wobushushu, ungcoliseko lweoyile, amabala omhlwa, iintsalela zepeyinti, kunye nokungcola komphezulu konke oku kunokunciphisa ukumelana nokugqwala, kuthomalalise umgangatho wokushisela, kwaye kutshabalalise imigangatho yokubonakala. Iindlela zokucoca zemveli - ukutshiza ngamakhemikhali, ukuqhumisa isanti, ukugaya, kunye nokupolisha okurhabaxa - ziya ziphelelwa lixesha kwimveliso yanamhlanje.

Kulapho keoomatshini bokucoca nge-laserziyatshintsha imboni.

Namhlanje, ukucocwa nge-laser akuseyoteknoloji yovavanyo. Kuya kuba sesinye sezona zisombululo zisebenzayo nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zokunyanga umphezulu wentsimbi engagqwaliyo.

Kutheni Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo Ifuna Ukucocwa Okukhethekileyo

Abantu abaninzi abayiqondi kakuhle intsimbi engagqwaliyo.

Igama elithi “stainless” alithethi ukuthi “ayinakuba nomhlwa.” Lithetha ukuba le nto iqulethe i-chromium eyenza umaleko we-oxide ongasebenziyo okhusela umphezulu ekuboleni. Nje ukuba lo maleko ungcoliswe okanye wonakele, umhlwa usenokuvela.

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zomphezulu wentsimbi engagqwali ziquka:

• Umbala wobushushu bokuwelda
• Iileya ze-oxide
• Ungcoliseko lweoyile
• Ukudaya iti
• Umhlwa womphezulu
• Iintsalela zepeyinti okanye zokugquma
• Iimpawu zokutsha
• Ungcoliseko lwekhabhoni
• Ungcoliseko lwemizi-mveliso

Kwimizi-mveliso efana nezixhobo zokutya kunye namayeza, nokuba ungcoliseko olungabonakaliyo lunokuba yingxaki enkulu yomgangatho.

Iindlela zokucoca zemveli zihlala zidala iingxaki ezintsha:

• Ukuqhumisa isanti kuyawurhawuzelisa umphezulu
• Ukucola ngamakhemikhali kudala inkunkuma eyingozi
• Ukugaya konakalisa iindawo ezichanekileyo
• Ukupolisha ngesandla kwandisa iindleko zabasebenzi

Ukucocwa nge-laser kusombulula uninzi lwale mida ngenkqubo engadibaniyo nelawulwa kakhulu.

Indlela Okusebenza Ngayo Oomatshini Bokucoca NgeLaser

Umatshini wokucoca nge-laser usebenzisa umqadi we-laser wefayibha enamandla aphezulu ukususa izinto ezingcolisayo kwiindawo zesinyithi.

Lo mgaqo uchanekile ngokumangalisayo:

• Izinto ezingcolisayo zifunxa amandla e-laser ngokukhawuleza kune-substrate yesinyithi
• Umhlwa, iileya ze-oxide, ioyile, okanye iingubo ziyanyibilika okanye ziqhekeke
• Intsimbi engagqwaliyo engaphantsi ayichaphazelekanga kangako

Ngokungafaniyo nokucoca okurhabaxa:

• Akukho mfuneko yokugaya izixhobo
• Akukho khemikhali zifunekayo
• Akukho kuthintana ngqo ngokomzimba okwenzekayo

Oku kwenza ukucocwa nge-laser kulungele ngokukodwa iindawo zentsimbi engenasici apho inkangeleko kunye nokuchaneka kobukhulu kubalulekile.

Eyona nzuzo inkulu: Akukho monakalo kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo

Le yeyona sizathu sokuba ukucocwa nge-laser kukhule kwihlabathi liphela.

Iindlela zemveli zisusa ungcoliseko ngenkani.

Ukucocwa nge-laser kususa ungcoliseko ngokukhetha.

Loo mahluko utshintsha yonke into.

Uphando malunga nokucocwa nge-laser yentsimbi engagqwaliyo lubonise ukuba iileya ze-oxide zinokususwa ngokufanelekileyo ngelixa kugcinwa izinto ezisisiseko.

Kwimveliso ebonakalayo, oku kuthetha:

• Imiphetho ebukhali ihlala injalo
• Amashiti abhityileyo angatyiwayo aphephe ukuguquka
• Iinkuni ezichanekileyo ziphephe ukuguguleka
• Iindawo zokuwelda zigcina ukuthembeka
• Ukugqitywa komphezulu kuhlala kufana

Kwaneengcali zokuwelda ezixoxa ngezicelo zehlabathi lokwenyani zixela ukuba ukucocwa nge-laser kunika iziphumo ezicocekileyo kunye nomonakalo omncinci we-substrate kunokugaya okanye ukuqhumisa.

Izicelo Eziphambili Zokucoca NgeLaser Kwintsimbi Engagqwaliyo

1. Ukususwa kwe-Weld Oxide

Emva kokuwelda ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo, iileya ze-oxide emnyama kunye nokutshintsha kombala kudla ngokubonakala zijikeleze imithungo yokuwelda.

Ezi oxides:

• Nciphisa ukumelana nokugqwala
• Imbonakalo echaphazelayo
• Ukuphazamisana nokungasebenzi kakuhle

Ukucocwa nge-laser kususa umbala we-weld ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo ngaphandle kokupholisha kakhulu.

Olu setyenziso luya luthandwa kakhulu kwezi:

• Ukwenziwa kwe-stainless grade yokutya
• Izixhobo zonyango
• Iimveliso zokuhombisa ezingenasici
• Ukwenziwa kwezixhobo zasekhitshini

2. Ukususwa komhlwa

Ewe, intsimbi engagqwaliyo inokugqwala.

Ingakumbi kwi:

• Iindawo ezingqonge unxweme
• Iifektri ezifumileyo
• Izityalo zeekhemikhali
• Iimeko zokugcina ezingafanelekanga

Oomatshini bokucoca nge-laser banokususa umhlwa okwindawo ethile ngelixa benciphisa umonakalo womphezulu.

Xa kuthelekiswa nokugaya ngoomatshini:

• Ukulahleka kwezinto ezincinci
• Ukugqitywa okubonakalayo okungcono
• Ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lwesibini

3. Ukulungiswa komphezulu Ngaphambi kokuWelda

Iifektri zanamhlanje zisebenzisa kakhulu ukucoca nge-laser ngaphambi kokuwelda intsimbi engagqwaliyo.

Ngoba?

Kuba iindawo zesinyithi ezicocekileyo zivelisa:

• Iiwelds eziqinileyo
• Ukungena okungcono
• Iimbobo ezimbalwa
• Ulungelelwano oluphuculweyo

Amashishini eemoto kunye neendiza ayayixabisa kakhulu le nkqubo.

4. Ukususwa kweoyile kunye negrisi

Izixhobo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo yemizi-mveliso zihlala zingcoliswa yile:

• Izinto zokuthambisa
• Ukusika ulwelo
• Igrisi
• Izigxivizo zeminwe
• Izincamathelisi eziseleyo

Ukucoca nge-laser kubonelela ngokucoca okukwindawo ephezulu ngaphandle kwezinyibilikisi.

Oku kubalulekile njengoko imithetho yokusingqongileyo iqina kwihlabathi liphela.

5. Ukugcinwa kweMold kunye neZixhobo

Iimold zentsimbi engenasici ezisetyenziswa ekufakeni inaliti nakwimveliso echanekileyo zifuna ukucocwa ngononophelo.

Ukucoca okurhabaxa kwendabuko konakalisa kancinci umphezulu womngundo ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ukucocwa nge-laser kuvumela:

• Ulondolozo olungaqhagamshelwanga
• Ixesha lokungasebenzi elincitshisiweyo
• Ubomi obude bokubumba
• Imijikelo yokugcinwa ngokukhawuleza

Kwiifektri ezininzi, kulapho ukucoca nge-laser kunika khona i-ROI ekhawulezayo.

Ukucoca nge-Pulsed vs Continuous Laser kweNtsimbi Engagqwaliyo

Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokucoca nge-laser:

Ukucoca ngeLaser etyhalwayo

Eyona ilungele:

• Ukucoca ngokuchanekileyo
• Intsimbi engagqwaliyo encinci
• Ukucoca umthungo we-Weld
• Iindawo ezithambileyo
• Izicelo eziphezulu

Iingenelo:

• Igalelo lobushushu eliphantsi
• Umonakalo omncinci we-substrate
• Ulawulo olungcono lomphezulu

Ukucoca ngeLaser okuQhubekayo ngamaza (CW)

Eyona ilungele:

• Umhlwa omkhulu
• Ungcoliseko olukhulu
• Ukucoca kwindawo enkulu
• Ukugcinwa kwemizi-mveliso

Iingenelo:

• Isantya sokucoca esikhawulezayo
• Ixabiso eliphantsi lezixhobo
• Ubuchule bokucoca obuqinileyo

Iifektri ziya zikhetha ngokusekelwe kwisicelo endaweni yezimangalo zokuthengisa.

Kwinyani:

Umatshini wokucoca nge-laser ongcono kakhulu awungowona unamandla kakhulu — ngulowo uhambelana nomsebenzi wokucoca.

Kutheni Amashishini Ethatha Indawo Yokucoca Ngeekhemikhali

Utshintsho lwehlabathi oluya ekucoceni nge-laser aluphelelanga nje kubuchwepheshe.

Imalunga noqoqosho kunye nemithetho.

Ukukha iikhemikhali kudala:

• Amanzi amdaka ayingozi
• Iingozi zokhuseleko lwabasebenzi
• Iindleko zokulahla
• Uxinzelelo lokuthobela indalo esingqongileyo

Ukuqhumisa isanti kudala:

• Ungcoliseko lothuli
• Iindleko ezisetyenziswayo
• Ukunxitywa kwezixhobo
• Umonakalo womphezulu

Ukucocwa nge-laser kususa uninzi lweengxaki zokusebenza eziqhubekayo.

Yingakho abavelisi abaninzi ngoku bebona oomatshini bokucoca nge-laser njengezixhobo zokunciphisa iindleko zexesha elide kunezixhobo zobunewunewu.

Indlela Efihlakeleyo Yoshishino Ekungekho Bani Uthetha Ngayo

Ishishini lokucoca nge-laser liphucuka ngaphaya "kokususa umhlwa."

Idabi lemfazwe elilandelayo lemizi-mveliso leli:

ubunjineli bomphezulu obuchanekileyo.

Abavelisi banamhlanje baya bekhathalela ngakumbi:

• Ukulungiswa komphezulu kwinqanaba le-micron
• Uburhabaxa obulawulwayo
• Ukunamathela okungcono kokugquma
• Iinkqubo zokucoca ezizenzekelayo
• Ukuhlanganiswa kwemveliso ekrelekrele

Ukucocwa nge-laser kuhambelana ngokwemvelo nemigca yemveliso ye-Industry 4.0 kuba:

• Inokucwangciswa
• Iyaphinda-phinda
• Kulula ukuzenzakalela
• Iyahambelana nedatha

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso yentsimbi engagqwaliyo apho ukuhambelana kwayo kubaluleke ngaphezu kokucoca ngamandla.

Imingeni yokucoca ngeLaser ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo

Ukucoca nge-laser kunamandla, kodwa akuyonto imangalisayo.

Useto olungalunganga lunokubangela:

• Ukutshintsha kombala womphezulu
• Ukukrola okuncinci
• Ukufudumala okugqithisileyo
• Utshintsho lokwakheka komphezulu

Abanye abasebenzisi be-intanethi babonise iziphumo zokucoca ezingalunganga ezibangelwa kukuseta iiparameter ezingachanekanga okanye amandla agqithisileyo.

Yingakho:

• Umgangatho womqadi
• Ubude bepulse
• Isantya sokuskena
• Useto lwefrikhwensi
• Amava omqhubi

zonke zibaluleke kakhulu.

Iinkqubo ezingabizi kakhulu nezikumgangatho ophantsi zihlala zivelisa iziphumo ezingahambelaniyo.

Ukhuphiswano lokwenyani kwishishini lokucoca nge-laser alusekho nje amandla okukhupha — luzinzo lwenkqubo.

Ngaba ukuCoca ngeLaser kufanelekile kwiNtsimbi Engagqwaliyo?

Mhlawumbi akunjalo ukusetyenziswa ekhaya ngamanye amaxesha.

Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, impendulo iya isanda kuba ngu-ewe.

Ingakumbi kwiifektri ezijongene nezi:

• Ukuwelda ngentsimbi engenasici
• Ukwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo
• Ukugcinwa kwesikhunta
• Imveliso yokutya esemgangathweni
• Izixhobo zezithuthi
• Izixhobo zeenqwelo-moya

Ukucocwa nge-laser kunokunciphisa kakhulu:

• Iindleko zabasebenzi
• Iindleko ezisetyenziswayo
• Ukuphathwa kweekhemikhali
• Ixesha lokungasebenzi
• Umonakalo womphezulu

Kwimizi-mveliso emininzi, umatshini uzihlawulela ngokukhawuleza kunokuba bekulindelwe.

Iingcinga Zokugqibela

Oomatshini bokucoca nge-laser batshintsha indlela intsimbi engagqwaliyo egcinwa, ilungiswa kwaye ilungiswa ngayo kwimizi-mveliso yanamhlanje.

Eyona ngcamango iphosakeleyo kukuba ucinga ukuba ukucoca nge-laser yenye nje indlela yokucoca.

Ngokwenene kukutshintsha ukusuka ekuphathweni komphezulu otshabalalisayo ukuya kubunjineli bomphezulu obulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo.

Yingakho abavelisi abaninzi beshiya:

• Ukuqhola i-asidi
• Ukuqhumisa okurhabaxa
• Ukusila ngesandla

kwaye siqhubekela phambili kwizisombululo ze-laser ezicocekileyo, ezikrelekrele, nezizenzekelayo ngakumbi.

Kwizicelo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, ukucocwa nge-laser akusekho kwixesha elizayo.

Sele isiba ngumgangatho omtsha wezoshishino.